An ancient astrolabe was found at Raigad Fort during excavations, confirming Shiv-era use of scientific tools in architecture. It was likely used for astronomical studies and directional planning during fort construction.
Anshu Kashid
Pune | June 02, 2025: A rare and historically significant astronomical device called the Astrolabe—locally referred to as Yantraraj or a Shiv-era compass—has been discovered during recent excavations at Durgraj Raigad Fort, a key seat of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj’s rule. The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) and Raigad Development Authority have been conducting this excavation jointly, and the artifact has now opened new doors to understanding the advanced scientific techniques used in fort construction during the Maratha era.
The news was shared by former MP Sambhajiraje Chhatrapati, Chairman of the Raigad Development Authority, via a Facebook post. He described the find as “invaluable” and a “great opportunity for deeper historical research.”
The Astrolabe, an ancient astronomical instrument, was used for measuring time, observing directions, and studying planetary movements. It helped calculate latitude, longitude, and understand celestial elements such as the Tropic of Cancer and the Equator. This discovery strongly suggests that Raigad was built using the scientific knowledge and astronomical precision available during Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj’s time.
The instrument was found between Kushawarta Lake and Wadeshwar Temple, near the remnants of a palace. It carries markings like “mukh” and “poon” engraved near animal figures that resemble turtles or snakes, likely used to determine north-south orientation.
Over the last few years, the excavation has uncovered several structures across 10–12 locations on the fort, especially areas behind the ropeway upper station, the market, and near Jagdishwar Temple. But the discovery of this ancient Soumyayantra is considered a milestone—shedding light not just on history, but also on the scientific sophistication of the Maratha empire.
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